1) The term "bull market" refers to a period of rising stock prices, while a "bear market" refers to a period of falling stock prices.

2) The political spectrum often includes the terms "left" and "right," with left-leaning ideologies generally advocating for social equality and progressive policies, while right-leaning ideologies support traditional values and limited government intervention.

3) The intensity of cyclones is often measured using the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, which categorizes them based on their sustained wind speeds.

4) Sourdough bread is a type of bread made through a fermentation process that involves wild yeast and lactic acid bacteria. It has a distinct tangy flavor and a chewy texture. Sourdough bread is often considered healthier than conventional bread due to its potential benefits for digestion and nutrient absorption. It has gained popularity in recent years, with artisanal bakeries and home bakers reviving the traditional art of sourdough baking.